Why reading matters
25 million children in the U.S. cannot read proficiently, which prevents them from achieving success in school, participating in all areas of life, and realizing their dreams. Reading Is Fundamental (RIF) has the proven programs and resources to tackle the literacy crisis, but we can't do it without you. Partner with us to connect more children to the joy of reading—and build a foundation for lifelong opportunity.
Join RIF to disrupt the literacy crisis
Reading Is Fundamental and our partners work to change the trajectory of the alarming U.S. literacy crisis, which creates barriers between our nation’s children and their opportunities.
children in the U.S. cannot read proficiently.
of U.S. children living at or below the poverty line have no books at home.
children entering kindergarten lack the basic skills they need to learn how to read.
of 4th graders read below grade level, setting them up for difficulty in school and beyond.
Literacy statistics by U.S. state
See how your state compares to the U.S. average.
COVID-19 erased more than 30 years of progress in children’s reading achievement.
Explore the devastating impact of disrupted learning during the pandemic on reading performance through 2022 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) fourth grade reading scores by state.
72% of Alabama 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | AL | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
213 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
41 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
22 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
6 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 27 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (31 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 19 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Alabama had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 10 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 24 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (29 points).
Information from the NAEP website for 2022 4th grade reading scores.
76% of Alaska of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | AK | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
204 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
49 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
27 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
19 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
5 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- Data are not reported for Black students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was not significantly different from that for White students.
- In 2022, male students in Alaska had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 13 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2003 (32 points).
69% of Arizona 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | AZ | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
215 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
39 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
24 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 23 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (28 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 24 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (31 points).
- In 2022, male students in Arizona had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 25 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (32 points).
70% of Arkansas 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | AR | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
212 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
42 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
28 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
22 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 33 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (32 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 20 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Arkansas had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 9 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 34 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was wider than that in 1998 (25 points).
69% of California 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | CA | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
214 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
42 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
27 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
22 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
9 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 37 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (31 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 29 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (35 points).
- In 2022, male students in California had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 6 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 34 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (36 points).
62% of Colorado 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | CO | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
223 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
32 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
27 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
11 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 31 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (26 points).
- In 2022, male students in Colorado had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (26 points).
65% of Connecticut of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | CT | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
219 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
36 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
25 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
10 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 60%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 34 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (34 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 34 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (41 points).
- In 2022, male students in Connecticut had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (35 points).
75% of Delaware 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | DE | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
208 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
47 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
28 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
19 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
6 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 67%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 26 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 23 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (42 points).
- In 2022, male students in Delaware had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 8 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 25 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
74% of District of Columbia 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | DC | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
207 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
50 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
23 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
16 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
10 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 70%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 69 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (72 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 60 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (74 points).
- In 2022, male students in District of Columbia had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 8 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 56 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was wider than that in 1998 (42 points).
61% of Florida 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | FL | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
225 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
29 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
32 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
30 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
9 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (31 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 12 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (20 points).
- In 2022, male students in Florida had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 7 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 23 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (29 points).
68% of Georgia 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | GA | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
216 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
39 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
23 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
9 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 27 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 22 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Georgia had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 10 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (32 points).
65% of Hawaii 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | HI | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
219 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
36 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
28 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
25 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
10 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- Data are not reported for Black students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 17 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (17 points).
- In 2022, male students in Hawaii had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 12 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 26 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (27 points).
68% of Idaho 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | ID | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
215 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
39 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
24 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
8 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 63%.
- Data are not reported for Black students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 16 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was narrower than that in 2002 (27 points).
- In 2022, male students in Idaho had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 9 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 23 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (19 points).
67% of Illinois 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | IL | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
218 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
38 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
24 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
10 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 34 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2003 (34 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 22 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2003 (31 points).
- In 2022, male students in Illinois had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2003 (35 points).
67% of Indiana 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | IN | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
217 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
37 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
24 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
9 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 63%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 29 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (23 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 13 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (9 points).
- In 2022, male students in Indiana had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 20 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (23 points).
67% of Iowa 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | IA | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
218 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
36 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
31 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
26 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (31 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 21 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Iowa had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 25 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (21 points).
69% of Kansas 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | KS | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
215 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
40 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
23 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 66%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 27 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 22 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (25 points).
- In 2022, male students in Kansas had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 7 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (23 points).
69% of Kentucky 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | KY | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
217 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
38 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
31 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
24 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
8 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 65%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 20 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (21 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 13 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Kentucky had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 26 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (21 points).
72% of Louisiana 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | LA | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
212 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
43 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
21 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 29 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was narrower than that in 1998 (38 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 16 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Louisiana had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 9 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (32 points).
71% of Maine 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | ME | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
213 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
40 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
31 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
23 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 64%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 35 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Black students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Maine had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 6 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 26 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was wider than that in 1998 (15 points).
69% of Maryland 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | MD | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
212 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
44 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
26 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
21 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
10 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 65%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 29 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (34 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 40 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was wider than that in 1998 (18 points).
- In 2022, male students in Maryland had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 5 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
57% of Massachusetts 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | MA | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
227 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
30 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
28 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
28 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
15 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 55%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (26 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (34 points).
- In 2022, male students in Massachusetts had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 6 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 33 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (28 points).
72% of Michigan 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | MI | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
212 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
42 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
22 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
6 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 68%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (36 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 18 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (22 points).
- In 2022, male students in Michigan had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (24 points).
68% of Minnesota 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | MN | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
215 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
39 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
25 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 62%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 33 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (40 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 29 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Minnesota had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 6 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
69% of Mississippi 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | MS | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
217 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
37 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
33 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
25 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
6 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 25 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (26 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 16 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Mississippi had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 11 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 25 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (26 points).
70% of Missouri 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | MO | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
213 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
40 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
23 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 66%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 34 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (33 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 10 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Missouri had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was wider than that in 1998 (22 points).
66% of Montana 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | MT | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
219 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
35 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
31 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
26 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- Data are not reported for Black students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was not significantly different from that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Montana had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 9 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 24 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (21 points).
66% of Nebraska 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | NE | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
219 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
35 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
31 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
26 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
8 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 63%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 34 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was wider than that in 2002 (17 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 24 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (23 points).
- In 2022, male students in Nebraska had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 6 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 29 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was wider than that in 2002 (22 points).
73% of Nevada 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | NV | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
212 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
43 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
21 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
6 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 69%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 19 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (25 points).
- In 2022, male students in Nevada had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 21 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (25 points).
63% of New Hampshire 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | NH | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
223 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
33 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
27 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
10 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents no significant change from the state’s 2019 average score.
- Data are not reported for Black students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in New Hampshire had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 8 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 24 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (19 points).
62% of New Jersey 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | NJ | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
223 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
33 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
27 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
11 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 58%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2003 (36 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 22 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2003 (24 points).
- In 2022, male students in New Jersey had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 12 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2003 (30 points).
79% of New Mexico 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | NM | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
202 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
52 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
27 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
16 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
5 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 76%.
- Data are not reported for Black students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 24 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (27 points).
- In 2022, male students in New Mexico had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 9 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
70% of New York 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | NY | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
214 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
42 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
21 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
8 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 66%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 29 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (37 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 17 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was narrower than that in 1998 (40 points).
- In 2022, male students in New York had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (35 points).
68% of North Carolina 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | NC | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
216 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
39 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
29 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
24 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
8 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 64%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 23 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 1998, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in North Carolina had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 7 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 25 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (26 points).
69% of North Dakota 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | ND | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
218 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
35 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
34 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
25 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
6 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 66%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 33 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Black students in 2002, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 20 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 2002, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in North Dakota had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 7 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 23 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was wider than that in 2002 (15 points).
65% of Ohio 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | OH | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
219 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
35 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
25 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
10 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 64%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 35 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (27 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 30 points lower than that for White students. Data are not reported for Hispanic students in 2002, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, male students in Ohio had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 6 points.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was wider than that in 2002 (24 points).
76% of Oklahoma 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | OK | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
208 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
45 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
31 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
20 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
4 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 71%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 22 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (30 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 20 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (21 points).
- In 2022, male students in Oklahoma had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 11 points. This performance gap was wider than that in 1998 (2 points).
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 22 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (23 points).
72% of Oregon 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | OR | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
210 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
44 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
28 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
21 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
7 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 66%.
- Data are not reported for Black students in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 26 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 1998 (39 points).
- In 2022, male students in Oregon had an average score that was lower than that for female students by 7 points.
- Data are not reported for students who were not eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) in 2022, because reporting standards were not met.
66% of Pennsylvania 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level.
Description | PA | US |
---|---|---|
Average Score |
219 | 217 |
Percentage of students who performed below the basic reading level |
36 | 37 |
Percentage of students who performed at the basic reading level |
30 | 29 |
Percentage of students who performed at the proficient reading level |
25 | 24 |
Percentage of students who performed at the advanced reading level |
9 | 9 |
Student score gaps
- This represents a decline from the 2019 percentage of 4th grade students not reading at the proficient level which was 60%.
- In 2022, Black students had an average score that was 32 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (37 points).
- In 2022, Hispanic students had an average score that was 23 points lower than that for White students. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (31 points).
- In 2022, male students in Pennsylvania had an average score that was not significantly different from that for female students.
- In 2022, students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 31 points lower than that for students who were not eligible. This performance gap was not significantly different from that in 2002 (32 points).